Rural Payments and Services

Sheep scab, caused by infestation of the skin with the scab mite, costs the sheep industry over £80M per year. The Sheep Scab (Scotland) Order 2010 places a legal obligation on any person who has reason to believe that sheep in their possession or care have sheep scab, to notify their local Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) office as soon as possible.

The most common signs of the disease are crusty yellow scabs on the skin surface, restlessness, scratching, loss of wool, bleeding wounds and loss of overall condition.

Sheep scab is mainly spread by direct handling of infected animals. However, mites can live off-host for weeks and can spread the disease via fence posts, handling equipment, trailers and shearing equipment. If you suspect your flock has scab, you must report it immediately to APHA and should seek advice from your vet on controls.

If sheep scab is suspected, a blood test is available and can diagnose the disease before clinical signs appear. The most effective means of controlling scab is through OP dipping but must only be used as a plunge dip. Macrocycliclactones (ML) injections can also be used, however, some mites are resistant to these so a correct diagnosis is crucial to give the right treatment, at the optimum time and to all animals not just those showing signs.

Good biosecurity, such as well-maintained double fencing, can prevent the introduction of sheep scab into a flock by preventing direct contact with neighbouring flocks.

It is also advised to test all incoming stock to see if treatment is required, quarantine these animals for at least two weeks and observe them for signs of infestation.

Background

Sheep scab: how to spot and report the disease - Guidance (gov.scot)